From saloon murders to street brawls to the infamous New York Draft Riots, the Bowery Boys embodied the bloody history of 19th-century New York.
Wikimedia CommonsAn illustration depict a member of the Bowery Boys in the group ’s traditional crimson shirt attire .
OVER THE year THAT THEY RULED LOWER MANHATTAN , the Bowery Boys were many things . They were volunteer firefighter and slaughterer , mechanics and tradesmen , upstanding citizens and members of one of the mostinfamous gangs in the history of New York City .
In the words of author Peter Adams inThe Bowery boy : Street Corner Radicals and the Politics of Rebellion , “ It would be a error to identify the Bowery Boys as a specific grouping at a specific time … there were several gangs who referred to themselves as the Bowery Boys at various clip under dissimilar leadership during the antebellum eld . ”
Wikimedia CommonsAn illustration depicting a member of the Bowery Boys in the group’s traditional red shirt attire.
Though the Bowery Boys be all walking of life sentence during their 19th - century sovereignty , perhaps the most of import thing that they were was New Yorkers . Specifically , they were aboriginal New Yorkers born and raised . And as far as they were concerned , people who did n’t meet those touchstone were not worth associating with .
They believed that only those raised in New York had a title to New York or even a right to be there at all and they felt the same way about America as a whole . When immigrants startle stream into New York in the mid-19th century , the Bowery Boys were there to greet them .
Beyond being anti - immigrant , the gang was also anti - Catholic and from workings - class backgrounds that left them comparatively well - off compare to their immigrant counterparts .
Wikimedia CommonsA rendering of Bowery Boys on the streets of New York.
Wikimedia CommonsA rendering of Bowery Boys on the streets of New York .
Many of the Bowery Boys keep their working - division task while still affiance in crew natural process . Some exploit as fireman — a fact that rival gangs on a regular basis exploited . In fact , the crew ’s most notable contender — the Dead Rabbits — would often pose ardor specifically to draw the Bowery Boys out in hopes that they would be able to catch them off guard .
This kind of combat made legends of men like Bowery Boys founder William Poole a.k.a . “ Bill the Butcher . ” For most of his adult life story , Poole forge by day at his family ’s butcher shop . By nighttime , he would brawl in the streets as he took on appendage of rival gangs in fight and generally wreaked havoc across the city .
Wikimedia CommonsAn engraving of Bill “The Butcher” Poole.
Poole was also a substantial opponent of the Dead Rabbits gang . Poole even had a personal vendetta against Dead Rabbits leader John Morrissey , who was also a noted pugilist . The two often faced off either in the ring or at the betting table and for most of their life resist to make peacefulness .
Eventually , in 1855,gunmen allied with Morrissey shot Poole deadin a taphouse and ended his sovereignty over the New York infernal region . According toThe New York Times , Poole used his dying breaths to say , “ I intend I am a goner . If I die out , I die a straight American ; and what grieves me most is , imagine that I ’ve been murdered by a set of Irish – by Morrissey in especial . ”
Though Poole died too soon on in the gang ’s account , he remained one of the faces of the Bowery Boys for class to come .
Wikimedia CommonsAn illustration of the Bowery Theater, a favorite of the Bowery Boys.
Wikimedia CommonsAn etching of Bill “ The Butcher ” Poole .
Alongside Poole , Mike Walsh was another one of the gang ’s most recognisable faces . But Walsh did n’t immerse himself so fully in the underworld . He instead mother into politics and was able-bodied to gain buns in the New York State Assembly in the 1840s and the U.S. Congress in the 1850s . While in office , Walsh fought to help the New York slums from which the Bowery Boys emerged .
In keeping with the approximation that the Bowery Boys and their like could be sizable members of society , Walsh opened a political clubhouse he called the “ Spartan Association . ” Consisting mostly of working - stratum laborers , the group was intended to make political leadership take notice of the hardships of the wretched . It was n’t long before Walsh was consider the “ champion of the poor gentleman’s gentleman ’s right . ”
Wikimedia CommonsA rendering of the New York Draft Riots of 1863.
Wikimedia CommonsAn illustration of the Bowery Theater , a favorite of the Bowery Boys .
In addition to politics , the Bowery Boys also made a name for themselves in the earth of theatre . The gang often attended carrying into action together at the Bowery Theatre . Once they had become regular audience member , the thespian and managing director began putting on play about the Bowery Boys , which delighted them to no end .
But the theater was not only a plaza of amusement . It was also a seat where the Bowery Boys could gather , booze , smoke , and carry on with prostitutes . To whatever extent the Bowery Boys maintained an gentle wind of civility outside the theater doors , inside the dramaturgy they were safe to take part in a host of depravities .
However , the acculturation of community - tending politeness within the Bowery Boys end quickly when Walsh die out in 1859 . As the miserable man ’s champ was go , the gang was wait for a new loss leader who could espouse in Walsh ’s big footsteps .
And the Bowery Boys ’ hunting for a new leader was all the more crucial with the hulk prospect of the Civil War draught . In 1863 , Congress was working on passing new practice of law intended to conscript great number of men to fight back for the Union in the American Civil War . Many of the draught ’s target were among the poor and the immigrant like those living in New York ’s slums .
Wikimedia CommonsA rendering of the New York Draft Riots of 1863 .
In other words , the draft targeted the Bowery Boys ’ primary rivals .
On July 13 , 1863,a riot broke out in lower Manhattan as the draught went into effect .
As the Bowery Boys ’ rivals were riot against the draft copy , the gang make up one’s mind to get in on the fight and take advantage of their contender ’ distraction . They stormed the Five Points neighbourhood where so many of their competitor hold up and began looting and pillage shop and market , fighting with topical anaesthetic , and tearing the slum area aside .
The New York Draft Riots cover on for three disorderly days . The constabulary were bid in to stop the violence but only cease up getting depict into it themselves . The flaming fight ultimately constituted the deathly riot in American history .
The Bowery Boys had now result perhaps their biggest cross on history . But by the destruction of the 1860s , the gang had meet their end and the Five Points neighborhood was tear down piece by piece . And though the Bowery Boys eventually disbanded , their legacy as one of the most infamous mob of older New York lives on to this day .
Next , read more about theDead Rabbitsand the otherreal - life Gangs of New York that once reign the Five Points .
